“You feel a little bit embarrassed, but you get over it”EFL students’ beliefs and emotions about speaking

  1. Diert-Boté, Irati 1
  1. 1 Universitat de Lleida
    info

    Universitat de Lleida

    Lleida, España

    ROR https://ror.org/050c3cw24

Aldizkaria:
Porta Linguarum: revista internacional de didáctica de las lenguas extranjeras

ISSN: 1697-7467

Argitalpen urtea: 2022

Zenbakia: 37

Orrialdeak: 143-160

Mota: Artikulua

DOI: 10.30827/PORTALIN.VI37.15924 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Beste argitalpen batzuk: Porta Linguarum: revista internacional de didáctica de las lenguas extranjeras

Laburpena

Drawing on positive psychology, i.e. the study of how people flourish and thrive, (MacIntyre, Gregersen and Mercer, 2016), this paper aims to analyse the elements which learners regard as most important to have positive and enjoyable experiences in the English classroom. The participants are first-year university students enrolled in an English for Specific Purposes course that were inquired about their life-long trajectories studying English and their experiences in an ESP course which followed a communicative approach. The data were obtained through an open-ended question from a questionnaire (pre- and post-); eight semi-structured interviews; and four focus groups. The answers from the open-response items were analysed at a macro-level through Domain and Taxonomic Coding (Saldaña, 2016) and afterwards the interviews and focus groups were content-analysed to deepen the understanding of students’ responses at a micro-level. The analysis reveals that oral activities are the aspect which students value most positively; yet, some report negative emotions due to lack of practice and to negative beliefs about speaking tasks and about their own capabilities. Findings suggest that extensive speaking practice along the course, as well as a supportive teacher, a positive classroom atmosphere and an effective classroom management can increase students’ self-confidence and positivity.

Finantzaketari buruzko informazioa

This work was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) [grant number FFI2015-67769P]; and Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) [grant number 2017 SGR 1522].

Erreferentzia bibliografikoak

  • Aragão, R. (2011). Beliefs and emotions in foreign language learning. System, 39(3), 302–313. Arnold, J. (2007). Self-concept and the affective domain in language learning. In F. D. Rubio Self-esteem and foreign language learning (pp. 13–29). Newcastle: Cambridge Scholar Publishing.
  • Arnold, J. (2011). Attention to affect in language learning. Anglistik. International Journal of English Studies, 22(1), 11–22.
  • Barrett, L. F. (2017). How emotions are made: The secret life of the brain. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
  • Boyatzis, R. E. (1998). Transforming qualitative information. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
  • Dewaele, J.-M. (2002). Psychological and sociodemographic correlates of communicative anxiety in L2 and L3 production. International Journal of Bilingualism, 6(1), 23–38.
  • Dewaele, J.-M., and Dewaele, L. (2017). The dynamic interactions in foreign language classroom anxiety and foreign language enjoyment of pupils aged 12 to 18: A pseudo-longitudinal investigation. JESLA, 1, 11–22.
  • Dewaele, J.-M., and MacIntyre, P. D. (2014). The two faces of Janus? Anxiety and enjoyment in the foreign language classroom. SSLLT, 4(2), 237–274.
  • Dewaele, J.-M. and MacIntyre, P.D. (2016). Foreign language enjoyment and foreign language classroom anxiety. The right and left feet of FL learning?. In P.D. MacIntyre, T. Gregersen, and S. Mercer (Eds.), Positive psychology in SLA (pp. 215–236). Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
  • Diert-Boté, I. (forthcoming). The dynamics of an EFL learner’s speaking self-concept: Insights from self-reported accounts and classroom observation data. Revista Brasileira de Lin- guística Aplicada.
  • Diert-Boté, I. & Martin-Rubió, M. (2018). Learning English in Catalonia: beliefs and emotions through small stories and iterativity. Narrative Inquiry, 28(1), 56-74.
  • Dörnyei, Z. (2010). The relationship between language aptitude and language learning motivation: individual differences from a dynamic systems perspective. In E. Macaro (Ed.) Continuum companion to second language acquisition (pp. 247–267). London: Continuum.
  • Flick, U. (2018). Triangulation in data collection. In U. Flick (Ed.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative data collection (pp. 527–544). London: Sage.
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2003). The value of positive emotions: The emerging science of positive psychology is coming to understand why it’s good to feel good. American Scientist, 91(4), 330–335. Gregersen, T. (2020). Dynamic properties of language anxiety. SSLLT, 10(1), 67–87.
  • Gregersen, T. S. and Horwitz, E. K. (2002). Language learning and perfectionism: Anxious and non-anxious language learners’ reactions to their own oral performance. The MLJ, 86(4), 562–570.
  • Gregersen, T. and MacIntyre, P.D. (2014). Capitalizing on language learners’ individuality: From premise to practice. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
  • Henry, A., and Thorsen, C. (2018). Teacher–student relationships and L2 motivation. The Modern Language Journal, 102(1), 218-241.
  • Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M. B., and Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 70(2), 125–132.
  • Larsen-Freeman, D. and Cameron, L. (2008). Complex systems and applied linguistics. Oxford University Press.
  • Leung, C. Y., Mikami, H., and Yoshikawa, L. (2019). Positive psychology broadens readers’ attentional scope during L2 reading: Evidence from eye movements. Frontiers in Psy- chology, 10, 2245.
  • MacIntyre, P. D., and Gregersen, T. (2012). Emotions that facilitate language learning: The pos- itive-broadening power of the imagination. SSLLT, 2(2), 193–213.
  • MacIntyre, P. D., Gregersen, T., and Mercer, S. (Eds.). (2016). Positive psychology in SLA. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
  • Mercer, S. (2011). Towards an understanding of language learner self-concept. Dordrecht: Springer.
  • Oxford, R. L (2015). Emotion as the amplifier and the primary motive: Some theories of emotion with relevance to language learning. SSLLT, (3), 371-393.
  • Pajares, F. (2001). Toward a positive psychology of academic motivation. The Journal of Educational Research, 95(1), 27–35.
  • Saldaña, J. (2016). The coding manual of qualitative researchers. London: Sage.
  • Savignon, S. J. (2002). Interpreting communicative language teaching: Contexts and concerns in teacher education. Yale University Press.
  • Swain, M. (2013). The inseparability of cognition and emotion in second language learning. Language Teaching, 46(2), 195–207.
  • Van Lier, L. (2000). From input to affordance: Social-interactive learning from an ecological per- spective. In P. Lantolf (Ed.), Sociocultural theory and second language learning: Recent advances (pp. 245–259). Oxford University Press.
  • Yoshida, R. (2013). Conflict between learners’ beliefs and actions: Speaking in the classroom. Language Awareness, 22(4), 371–388.
  • Boudreau, C., MacIntyre, P., and Dewaele, J. M. (2018). Enjoyment and anxiety in second lan- guage communication: An idiodynamic approach. SSLLT, 8(1), 149–170.