Cooperatives’ export performanceis size relevant?

  1. Sala-Ríos, Mercè 1
  2. Torres-Solé, Teresa 2
  3. Farré-Perdiguer, Mariona 1
  1. 1 Departamento de Economía Aplicada. Universidad de Lleida
  2. 2 Departamento Economía Aplicada. Universidad de Lleida
Revista:
Estudios de economía aplicada

ISSN: 1133-3197 1697-5731

Año de publicación: 2022

Título del ejemplar: Systematic Reviews and Bibliometric-Analyses in Applied Economics Literature

Volumen: 40

Número: 2

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.25115/EEA.V40I2.6358 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Estudios de economía aplicada

Resumen

El estudio se ocupa de un modelo de organización empresarial particular, como  son las cooperativas del sector manufacturero. El objetivo general es analizar la relación entre la dinámica exportadora  de las cooperativas y su tamaño. Los objetivos específicos son dos: i) determinar si el tamaño está relacionado positivamente con la situación exportadora de las cooperativas (exportadoras versus no exportadoras) y ii) analizar la relevancia del tamaño en la intensidad exportadora de las cooperativas. Utilizamos datos a nivel de empresa española que cubren el período 1991-2016. La investigación confirma que el comportamiento de las cooperativas con respecto a las exportaciones es similar al destacado en la literatura para las empresas capitalistas. Así, observamos que el tamaño de las cooperativas influye significativamente en la decisión de exportar o no exportar. Sin embargo, también se constata que la intensidad de las exportaciones responde a una pluralidad de causas, entre las cuales el tamaño de la cooperativa no es la más importante. Los resultados revelan que mayores niveles de intensidad exportadora están positivamente vinculados a mayores niveles de productividad, salarios e innovación.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Ahmed, S. A., & Rock, J. (2012). Exploring the Relationship Between Export Intensity and Exporter Characteristics, Resources, and Capabilities: Evidence From Chile. Latin American Business Review, 13(1), 29–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/10978526.2012.673423
  • Ali, A., & Swiercz, P. (1991). Firm Size and Export Behavior: Lessons from the Midwest. Journal of Small Business Management, 29(2), 71–78.
  • Alonso, J. A., & Donoso, V. (2000). Modelización del comportamiento de la empresa exportadora española. ICE Sector Exterior Español, (788), 35–58.
  • Alshiqi, S. (2020). Firm Size Related To Export Performance. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 8(1), 51–61. https://doi.org/10.35808/ijeba/408
  • Archarungroj, P., & Hoshino, Y. (1998). The Impact of Firm Size on Export Performance and Attitudes : An Empirical Study on Thailand Exporters. Japanese Journal of Administrative Science, 12(2), 79–88.
  • Author (2020a). Cooperative employment cycles in Spain. Does regional localization matter? REVESCO. Revista de Estudios Cooperativos, 136(e71857). https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.5209/reve.71857. 1.
  • Author (2020b). Exporting and Firms ’ Performance — What about Cooperatives ? Evidence from Spain. Sustainability, 12(8385), 1–22.
  • Aydiner, A. S., Tatoglu, E., Bayraktar, E., Zaim, S., & Delen, D. (2019). Business analytics and firm performance: The mediating role of business process performance. Journal of Business Research, 228–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.11.028
  • Ayllón, S., & Radicic, D. (2019). product innovation, process innovation and export propensity: persistence, complementaries and feedback effects in Spain firms. Applied Economics, 51(33), 3650–3664. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2019.1584376
  • Bandick, R. (2020). Global sourcing, firm size and export survival. Economics: The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal, 14(2020–18), 1–29. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2020-18
  • Bartual-Figueras, M. T., & Turmo-Garuz, J. (2019). Competitive Strategies in Agricultural Cooperatives: The Case of a Rice Cooperative, Catalonia, Spain. The International Journal of Business & Management, 7(6), 166–176. https://doi.org/10.24940/theijbm/2019/v7/i6/bm1905-054
  • Basterretxea, I., Charterina, J., & Landeta, J. (2019). Coopetition and innovation. Lessons from worker cooperatives in the Spanish machine tool industry. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 34(6), 1223–1235. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-01-2018-0015
  • Basterretxea, I., & Storey, J. (2018). Do Employee-Owned Firms Produce More Positive Employee Behavioural Outcomes? If Not Why Not? A British-Spanish Comparative Analysis. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 56(2), 292–319. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjir.12247
  • Bernard, A. B., & Jensen, J. B. (1999). Exceptional exporter performance: Cause, effect, or both? Journal of International Economics, 47(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1996(98)00027-0
  • Bezuidenhout, C. (2017). Essays in export behaviour at the firm-level. North-West University.
  • Bonaccorsi, A. (1992). On the Relationship Between Firm Size and Export Intensity. Journal of International Business Studies, 23(4), 605–635. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490280
  • Bretos, I., Díaz-Foncea, M., & Marcuello, C. (2018). Cooperativas e internacionalización: Un análisis de las 300 mayores cooperativas del mundo. CIRIEC-Espana Revista de Economia Publica, Social y Cooperativa, 92(92), 5–37. https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.92.11480
  • Bretos, I., & Errasti, A. (2017). Challenges and opportunities for the regeneration of multinational worker cooperatives: Lessons from the Mondragon Corporation—a case study of the Fagor Ederlan Group. Organization, 24(2), 154–173. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350508416656788
  • Bretos, I., Errasti, A., & Marcuello, C. (2018). Ownership, governance, and the diffusion of HRM practices in multinational worker cooperatives: Case-study evidence from the Mondragon group. Human Resource Management Journal, 28(1), 76–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12165
  • Bretos, I., Errasti, A., & Marcuello, C. (2020). Is there life after degeneration ? The organizational life cycle of cooperatives under a ‘ grow-or-die ’ dichotomy. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, (91), 435–457. https://doi.org/10.1111/apce.12258
  • Bretos, I., & Marcuello, C. (2017). Revisiting Globalization Challenges and Opportunities in the Development of Cooperatives. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 88(1), 47–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/apce.12145
  • Caldera, A. (2010). Innovation and exporting: Evidence from Spanish manufacturing firms. Review of World Economics, 146(4), 657–689. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290-010-0065-7
  • Calderón, B., & Calderón, M. J. (2012). La calidad del empleo de las entidades de la economía social en el período de crisis. Ekonomiaz, 79, 30–57.
  • Calof, J. L. (1993). The Impact of Size on Internationalization. Journal of Small Business Management, 31(4), 60.
  • Calof, J. L. (1994). The Relationship Between Firm Size and Export Behavior Revisited. Journal of International Business Studies, 25(2), 367–387. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490205
  • Caves, D., Christesen, L. R., & Diewert, W. E. (1982). Multilateral Comparisons of Output , Input , and Productivity Using Superlative Index Numbers. The Economic Journal, 92(365), 73–86.
  • Celebic, N., Stitkovac, S., Halilbegovic, S., & Arapovic, A. O. (2020). Impact of firm size on the export performance in manufacturing companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ecoforum, 9(22), 1–7.
  • Culpan, R. (1989). Export behavior of firms: Relevance of firm size. Journal of Business Research, 18(3), 207–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-2963(89)90045-3
  • Damijan, J. P., Kostevc, Č., & Polanec, S. (2010). From Innovation to Exporting or Vice Versa? World Economy, 33(3), 374–398. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2010.01260.x
  • Delgado, M. A., Fariñas, J. C., & Ruano, S. (2002). Firm productivity and export markets: A non-parametric approach. Journal of International Economics, 57(2), 397–422. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1996(01)00154-4
  • Dhanaraj, C., & Beamish, P. W. (2003). A resource-based approach to the study of export performance. Journal of Small Business Management, 41(3), 242–261. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-627x.00080
  • Díaz-Foncea, M., & Marcuello, C. (2014). The Relation between Total Employment and Cooperative Employment: A Convergence and Causality Analysis. Spatial Economic Analysis, 9(1), 71–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/17421772.2013.864048
  • Divar Garteiz-Aurrecoa, J. (2013). Las cooperativas: Una alternativa económica y social frente a la crisis. Boletín de La Asociación Internacional de Derecho Cooperativo, (47), 257–264. https://doi.org/10.18543/baidc-47-2013pp257-264
  • Donoso, V., & Martín, V. (2008). Características y comportamiento de la empresa exportadora. Papeles de Economía Española, (116), 168–182.
  • Errasti, A. (2015). Mondragon ’ s Chinese subsidiaries : Coopitalist multinationals in practice. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 36(3), 479–499. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143831X13511503
  • Esteve-Pérez, S., & Rodríguez, D. (2013). The dynamics of exports and R&D in SMEs. Small Business Economics, 41(1), 219–240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-012-9421-4
  • Falk, M., & de Lemos, F. F. (2019). Complementarity of R&D and productivity in SME export behavior. Journal of Business Research, (96), 157–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.11.018
  • Fariñas, J. C., & Jaumandreu, J. (1999). Diez años de Encuesta Sobre Estrategias Empresariales (ESEE). Economía Industrial, (329), 29–42.
  • Fariñas, J. C., & Martín-Marcos, A. (2007). Exporting and economic performance: Firm-level evidence of Spanish manufacturing. World Economy, 30(4), 618–646. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2007.01007.x
  • Fayos, T., Calderón, H., & Mir, J. (2011). El éxito en la internacionalización de las cooperativas agroalimentarias españolas. Propuesta de un modelo de estudio desde la perspectiva del marketing internacional. CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, (72), 42–72.
  • Fernández, M. del V., Peña, I., & Hernández, F. (2008). Factores determinantes del éxito exportador. El papel de la estrategia exportadora en las cooperativas agrarias. CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, (63), 39–64.
  • Flecha, R., & Ngai, P. (2014). The challenge for Mondragon : Searching for the cooperative values in times of internationalization. Organization, 21(5), 666–682.https://doi.org/10.1177/1350508414537625
  • Freixanet, J., & Churakova, I. (2018). Exploring the relationship between internationalization stage, innovation, and performance: The case of Spanish companies. International Journal of Business, 23(2), 131–150.
  • Fuentes, F. J., Sánchez, S. M., & Santos, L. M. (2011). Cooperativas agroalimentarias y exportación. El proceso de internacionalización de la cooperaticva del valle de los Pedroches (COVAP). REVESCO Revista de Estudios Cooperativos, (104), 38–62. https://doi.org/10.5209/rev
  • Fusco, F., & Migliaccio, G. (2018). Crisis, sectoral and geographical factors: financial dynamics of Italian cooperatives. EuroMed Journal of Business, 13(2), 130–148. https://doi.org/10.1108/EMJB-02-2016-0002
  • Gallego-Bono, J. R., & Chaves-Avila, R. (2020). How to boost clusters and regional change through cooperative social innovation. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istrazivanja , 33(1), 3108–3124. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2019.1696694
  • Good, D. H., Nadiri, M. I., & Sickles, R. (1997). Handbook of Applied Econometrics: Micro-Econometrics. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Guzmán, C., Santos, F. J., & Barroso, M. de la O. (2020). Cooperative Essence and Entrepreneurial Quality: a Comparative Contextual Analysis. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 91(1), 95–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/apce.12257
  • Ha, V. T. C., Holmes, M. J., & Le, T. M. (2020). Firms and export performance: does size matter? Journal of Economic Studies, 47(5), 985–999. https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-12-2018-0451
  • Hernández, P. J. (2020). Reassessing the link between firm size and exports. Eurasian Business Review, 10(2), 207–223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40821-019-00126-9
  • Iyer, K. (2010). The Determinants of Firm-Level Export Intensity in New Zealand Agriculture and Forestry. Economic Analysis and Policy, 40(1), 75–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0313-5926(10)50005-5
  • Jäger, U., & Beyes, T. (2010). Strategizing in NPOs: A case study on the practice of organizational change between social mission and economic rationale. Voluntas, 21(1), 82–100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-009-9108-x
  • Kölling, A., & Antje, M. (2020). Exporting behavior and the demand for skills in German establishments. In IMB Institute of Management Berlin Working Paper (No. 97). Berlin.
  • Lee, Y., Shin, J., & Park, Y. (2012). The changing pattern of SME’s innovativeness through business model globalization. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 79(5), 832–842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2011.10.008
  • Leite, M. de P., & Duaibs, R. (2017). Cooperatives and productive internationalization: A new challenge. Sociología & Antropología, 7(2), 521–543.
  • Leonidou, L. C. (1998). Factors Stimulating Export Business: An Empirical Investigation. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 14(2), 43–68. https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v14i2.5714
  • López, J., & Serrano, B. (2020). Human capital and export performance in the Spanish manufacturing firms. Baltic Journal of Management, 15(1), 99–119. https://doi.org/10.1108/BJM-04-2019-0143
  • Madrid, A., & García, D. (2004). Influencia del tamaño, la antigüedad y el rendimiento sobre la intensidad exportadora de la PYME industrial española. Información Comercial Española, ICE: Revista de Economía, (817), 35–49.
  • Majocchi, A., Bacchiocchi, E., & Mayrhofer, U. (2005). Firm size, business experience and export intensity in SMEs: A longitudinal approach to complex relationships. International Business Review, 14(6), 719–738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2005.07.004
  • Máñez-Castillejo, J. A., Rochina-Barrachina, M. E., & Sanchis-Llopis, J. A. (2009). Self-Selection into exports : Productivity and/or innovation? Applied Economics Quarterly, 55(3), 219–241.
  • Máñez-Castillejo, J. A., Rochina-Barrachina, M. E., & Sanchis-Llopis, J. A. (2010). Does firm size affect self-selection and learning-by-exporting? World Economy, 33(3), 315–346. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2010.01258.x
  • Máñez, J. A., Rochina-Barrachina, M. E., & Sanchis-Llopis, J. A. (2015). The dynamic linkages among exports, R&D and productivity. World Economy, 38(4), 583–612. https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.12160
  • Máñez, J. A., Rochina-Barrachina, M. E., & Sanchis, J. A. (2008). Sunk costs hysteresis in Spanish manufacturing exports. Review of World Economics, 144(2), 272–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290-008-0147-y
  • Manjón, M., Máñez, J. A., Rochina, M. E., & Sanchis, J. A. (2013). Export intensity and the productivity gains of exporting. Applied Economics Letters, 20(8), 804–808. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2012.748173
  • Medina, M. J., Mozas, A., Bernal, E., & Moral, E. (2014). Factores determinantes para la exportación en las empresas cooperativas oleícolas andaluzas. CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, (81), 241–262.
  • Melitz, M. J. (2003). The impact of trade on intra-industry reallocations and aggregate industry productivity. Econometrica, 71(6), 1695–1725. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0262.00467
  • Minondo, A. (2011). Learning to export with new managers. Empirical Economic Letters, 10(1), 7–11.
  • Mittelstaedt, J. D., Harben, G. N., & Ward, W. A. (2003). How Small is too Small? Firm Size as a Barrier to Exporting from the United States. Journal of Small Business Management, 41(1), 68–84. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-627x.00067
  • Moen, O. (2012). The relationship between firm size, competitive advantages and export performance revisited. International Small Business Journal, 18(1), 53–72. Retrieved from http://hjb.sagepub.com.proxy.lib.umich.edu/content/9/2/183.full.pdf+html
  • Moini, A. H. (1995). An Inquiry into sucessful exporting: an empirical investigation using a three-stage model. Small Business Management, 33(3), 9–25.
  • Monreal-Pérez, J., Aragón-Sánchez, A., & Sánchez-Marín, G. (2012). A longitudinal study of the relationship between export activity and innovation in the Spanish firm: The moderating role of productivity. International Business Review, 21(5), 862–877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2011.09.010
  • Musson, A., & Rousselière, D. (2018). Exploring the effect of crisis on cooperatives : A Bayesian performance analysis of French craftsmen cooperatives. Working Paper SMART – LERECO, (18–07).
  • Ogawa, K., & Tokutsu, I. (2015). Productivity , Firm Size , Financial Factors , and Exporting Decisions : The case of Japanese SMEs. RIETI Discussion Paper Series 15-E-031.
  • Papke, L. E. (1996). Econometric methods for fractional response variables with an application to 401 (k) plan participation rates. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 11(6), 619–632. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1255(199611)11:6<619::AID-JAE418>3.0.CO;2-1
  • Papke, L. E., & Wooldridge, J. M. (2008). Panel data methods for fractional response variables with an application to test pass rates. Journal of Econometrics, 145(1–2), 121–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.05.009
  • Patibandla, M. (1995). Firm Size and Export Behaviour: An Indian Case Study. The Journal of Development Studies, 31(6), 868–882. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220389508422394
  • Pekovic, S., & Rolland, S. (2016). Quality standards and export activities: Do firm size and market destination matter? The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 27(2), 110–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hitech.2016.10.002
  • Pla-Barber, J., & Alegre, J. (2007). Analysing the link between export intensity, innovation and firm size in a science-based industry. International Business Review, 16(3), 275–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2007.02.005
  • Reis, J., & Forte, R. (2016). The impact of industry characteristics on firms’ export intensity. International Area Studies Review, 19(3), 266–281. https://doi.org/10.1177/2233865916646560
  • Revindo, M. D., Gan, C., & Massie, N. W. G. (2019). Factors affecting propensity to export: The case of indonesian smes. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 21(3), 263–288. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.41022
  • Rodil, Ó., Vence, X., & Sánchez, M. del C. (2016). The relationship between innovation and export behaviour: The case of Galician firms. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, (113), 248–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2015.09.002
  • Roelants, B., Dovgan, D., Eum, H., & Terrasi, E. (2012). The Resilience of the Cooperative Model. In CECOP-CICOPA Europe. https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00435-06
  • Román, C. A. (2014). Las cooperativas españolas y los ciclos económicos. Un análisis comparado. CIRIEC - España. Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, (80), 77–110.
  • Serrano, J., & Myro, R. (2019). From domestic to exporter, what happens? Evidence for Spanish manufacturing firms. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, (51), 380–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2019.01.005
  • Sousa, C. (2004). Export performance measurement: an evaluation of the empirical research in the literature. Academy of Marketing Science Review, 2004(09), 1.
  • Trang, P. T. H., & Nam, V. H. (2020). A longitudinal study of self-selection, learning-by-exporting and core-competence: The case of small-and medium-sized enterprises in Vietnam. Accounting, 6(4), 481–492. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ac.2020.4.010
  • Verwaal, E., & Donkers, B. (2002). Firm size and export intensity: Solving an empirical puzzle. Journal of International Business Studies, 33(3), 603–613. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8491035
  • Wagner, J. (1995). Exports, firm size, and firm dynamics. Small Business Economics, 7(1), 29–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01074314
  • Wagner, J. (2001). A Note on the Firm Size - Export Relationship. Small Business Economics, 17(4), 229–237. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012202405889
  • Wagner, J. (2003). Unobserved Firm Heterogeneity and the Size-Exports Nexus: Evidence from German Panel Data. Review of World Economics, 139(1), 161–172. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02659612
  • Wagner, J. (2006). Export intensity and plant characteristics: What can we learn from quantile regression? Review of World Economics, 142(1), 195–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290-006-0063-y
  • Wagner, J. (2007). Exports and productivity: A survey of the evidence from firm-level data. World Economy, 30(1), 60–82. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2007.00872.x
  • Wolff, J. A., & Pett, T. L. (2000). Internationalization of small firms: An examination of export competitive patterns, firm size, and export performance. Journal of Small Business Management, 38(2), 34–47.
  • Zou, S., & Stan, S. (1998). The determinants of export performance: A review of the empirical literature between 1987 and 1997. International Marketing Review, 15(5), 333–356. https://doi.org/10.1108/02651339810236290